In 1965, tragedy struck when the American rocket Atlas blew up on the launch pad, causing incredible damage. This terrible event sent a chill up many potential astronauts' backs. It re-emphasized the importance of safety precautions. Some feel that this accident was not quite that--that it may have very well have ended that way due to some astronauts not wanting to go along with a plan; in short, some feel they were assassinated by their very own government. It is not known what evidence such thoughts are based on, however, if any.
Russia too had a disaster related to safety at a different time, in which many engineers died. This had occurred several years prior. Nevertheless, over the years, Russia has shown itself to be much, much safer in its space flights and landings than America.
In the year that America's rocket was smoldering on the launch pad, on March
18, 1965, Cosmonaut Alexei Leonov took the first space walk, a ten-minute
tethered excursion outside Voshkod 2. On June 3, 1965, Edward White II is the first American to walk in space on Gemini 4, though not as far out in space. He stayed out for 22 minutes.
In 1966, Neil Armstrong and other astronauts went in space aboard the Gemini VIII and Agina. They met amid outer space and docked. Later, a malfunction with Armstrong's rocket caused him to return to earth prematurely, but fortunately no one was injured.
Meanwhile in 1966, Russia became the first nation to have an unmanned space probe, the Lunar IX, to actually land softly on the moon. It transmitted pictures from its surface back to earth. Also in 1966, the Venera-3 became the first spacecraft to reach the surface of Venus. National symbols of the USSR were left there. In 1966, Russia had the first satellite put in orbit around the moon, the Lunar X space probe.
In 1967, Russia had the first two unmanned spacecrafts that automatically met in space then docked and undocked.
Also in 1967, tragedy struck three American astronauts who died while sitting inside a rocket. Their capsule burst into flames. The reason why it caught fire is largely unknown; it is thought to have started as the result of a spark of unknown origin that was somehow able to ignite the extremely well-insulated fuel tanks. Again, some feel that there may be more to this incident than we currently know.
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